Growing rice is a very important agricultural activity all over the world. It is a cereal that is part of the diet of millions of people, which represents a profitable business if properly managed. Moreover, it adapts to different types of land.
In large areas, rice planting can be enhanced by using suitable structures and spaces. These can be the multitunnel greenhouse, a gothic greenhouse or a multi wide span greenhouse. But before we learn more about them, we will explain everything you need to know about rice.
- What is rice?
- Health benefits of rice
- Why is rice cultivation so important?
- How to grow rice step by step?
- What is the best climate for growing rice?
- What should the ideal soil for rice cultivation be like?
- Necessary care for rice cultivation
- What type of irrigation is most suitable for growing rice?
What is rice?
Rice is a grain that comes from a plant of the grass family. Its scientific name is Oryza sativa and it is one of the most widely cultivated cereals in the world. It is part of the staple diet of hundreds of cultures.
As for its characteristics, it is rich in starch, and there are many truths that it is adapted to different climates and soils. The crop demands a lot of water during much of the cycle, but modern techniques allow it to be grown with less water consumption.
Health benefits of rice
Growing rice is big business, but we should also be aware of the benefits of rice consumption. Some of them are:
- It provides complex carbohydrates, which help balance our energy,
- It is low in fat and does not contain gluten, so it is recommended for people who are intolerant.
- There are varieties such as brown rice, which are rich in fibre and antioxidants.
- It is easy to digest and is therefore recommended for many diets.
Why is rice cultivation so important?
Growing rice is very important both nutritionally and economically. It is one of the highest yielding crops per hectare and is considered central to the world’s food security. It also generates employment and drives rural economies, especially in regions where agriculture is the main driver.
On the other hand, it adapts very well to different irrigation systems and soil types. This makes it a versatile option for farmers looking to diversify crops.
How to grow rice step by step?
Growing rice involves following a process that ensures effective germination, development and harvesting of the grains. Here are the essential steps.
Preparing the soil
Before planting, the soil should be clean, level and slightly moist. Weeds should be removed, the soil ploughed and a good irrigation system chosen. In addition, it is advisable to test the soil to correct any nutrient deficiencies.
Sowing rice
There are two methods for this: direct sowing and transplanting. If direct sowing is used, the seeds must be scattered directly on the ground. If transplanting is used, they should be grown in seedlings and then transferred to the final plot when they are 15 to 30 days old.
Watering and caring for rice
Water should be kept at a constant level, without waterlogging the soil completely. Avoid periods of drought and control pests such as insects and fungi. Selective weeding during the first few weeks is also ideal.
Harvesting the seed
Harvesting should be done when the ears have a golden colour. This can be done manually or with specialised machines, depending on the size of the crop. Afterwards, the rice has to be dried and stored well to preserve its quality.
What is the best climate for growing rice?
Rice can grow best in warm, humid climates. It needs temperatures above 20 °C and constant humidity throughout its development. This means that it does well in areas with a high rainy season or with the availability of irrigation.
What should the ideal soil for rice cultivation be like?
The ideal soil for rice cultivation is clayey or loamy because they require water very well. It should have good fertility, be free of salts and have a slightly acid pH. In addition, it is important that the soil is well levelled to facilitate water control during cultivation.
Necessary care for rice cultivation
There are several factors that must be controlled to ensure the healthy development of the rice crop.
Ideal climate for rice cultivation
- Warm environments with good humidity.
- Few extreme temperature variations.
- Moderate to high sun exposure.
Optimum temperature for cultivation
- Daytime temperatures of 25 to 35 °C are ideal.
- There should be no frosts or very cold nights, as the plant is sensitive.
Fertilisation of the rice crop
- Fertilisers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are recommended.
- Fertilise in several stages: before sowing, during growth and during flowering.
- It is ideal to use organic matter to improve the soil structure.
What type of irrigation is most suitable for growing rice?
The most common irrigation system is controlled flooding. Here, the soil is maintained with a sheet of water for a large part of the crop. However, they can also be used:
- Gravity irrigation, useful in slightly sloping fields.
- Sprinkler irrigation, more common in experimental crops or small areas.
- Furrow irrigation, in cases where total flooding is not desired, but high humidity is required.
Now that you know a little more about rice and how to grow it, you can explore the various greenhouse structures that can help you get started.At Fertri we have high quality options and sizes such as multitunnel greenhouses, gothic greenhouses and multi wide spans.